在翻译实践中,发现有时会将“neither...nor”译为“A或者B不……”,这样是对的吗?

在翻译实践中,发现有时会将“neither...nor”译为“A或者B不……”,这样是对的吗?

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确实有这个现象,有的人会翻译为“A或者B不……”,也有的人会翻译为“A和B不……”。但是,上学时学习“neither...nor”这个表达的时候,书上给出的意思是“既不……也不”,不就是二者都不的意思嘛。同时,Cambridge Dictionary对“neither...nor”的解释为“used when you want to say that two or more things are not true”。从英文解释中可以看出,“neither”和“nor”后面提及的事物,二者是“和/并且”的关系,并非表示“或者”。

 

例句1:

原文:

受害人和行为人对损害的发生都没有过错的,依照法律的规定由双方分担损失。

(《中华人民共和国民法典》第一千一百八十六条)

译文:

Where neither the victim nor the actor is at fault for the occurrence of the damage, losses shall be shared by both parties in accordance with the provisions of law.

 

例句2:

原文:

抵押人的行为足以使抵押财产价值减少的,抵押权人有权请求抵押人停止其行为;抵押财产价值减少的,抵押权人有权请求恢复抵押财产的价值,或者提供与减少的价值相应的担保。抵押人恢复抵押财产的价值,也不提供担保的,抵押权人有权请求债务人提前清偿债务。

(《中华人民共和国民法典》第四百零八条)

译文:

Where an act of a mortgagor suffices to reduce the value of the mortgaged property, the mortgagee is entitled to request the mortgagor to refrain from performing such an act. Where the value of the mortgaged property is reduced, the mortgagee is entitled to request the mortgagor to restore its value or provide additional security to the extent of the reduced value. Where the mortgagor neither restores the original value of the mortgaged property, nor provides additional security therefor, the mortgagee is entitled to request the debtor to pay off the debt before it is due.

 

此外,要想表达“或者”时,应使用“either...or”,Cambridge Dictionary对其的解释为“used when referring to a choice between two possibilities”。

 

例句1:

原文:

设立人为设立法人从事的民事活动,其法律后果由法人承受;法人未成立的,其法律后果由设立人承受,设立人为二人以上的,享有连带债权,承担连带债务。

设立人为设立法人以自己的名义从事民事活动产生的民事责任,第三人有权选择请求法人或者设立人承担。

(《中华人民共和国民法典》第七十五条)

译文:

The legal consequences of the civil activities conducted by an incorporator for the purpose of establishing a legal person shall be assumed by the legal person; or, in the event that no legal person is successfully established, by the incorporator, or the incorporators jointly and severally if there are two or more of them.

Where an incorporator engages in civil activities in his own name for the purpose of establishing a legal person and thus incurs civil liability, a third person creditor may elect to request either the legal person or the incorporator to bear the liability.

 

例句2:

原文:

业主可以自行管理建筑物及其附属设施,也可以委托物业服务企业或者其他管理人管理。

对建设单位聘请的物业服务企业或者其他管理人,业主有权依法更换。

(《中华人民共和国民法典》第二百八十四条)

译文:

The unit owners may either manage the buildings and the auxiliary facilities on their own, or entrust a property management service enterprise or another manager for such a purpose. The unit owners have the right to replace, in accordance with law, the property management service enterprise or the other managers employed by the developer.

 

从上述内容可以看出,遇到“neither...nor”时,不宜将其译为“A或者B不……”,而是译为“A和B均不……”比较恰当。

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