Default judgement该词在维基百科上的释义为:Default judgment is a binding judgment in favor of either party based on some failure to take action by the other party. Most often, it is a judgment in favor of a plaintiff when the defendant has not responded to a summons or has failed to appear before a court of law. The failure to take action is the default. The default judgment is the relief requested in the party's original petition.
翻译为中文,意为“缺席判决”,是人民法院仅在一方当事人参与陈述与辩论,并对另一方当事人提供的书面材料进行审查的基础上,对争议案件作出的判决。由于一方当事人不到庭就无法参与庭审质证、陈述与辩论等诉讼活动,从一定意义上来说,缺席判决实际是对未到庭一方当事人的惩罚。
根据民事诉讼法的有关规定,缺席判决适用于下列情况:1.原告不出庭或中途退庭按撤诉处理,被告提出反诉的,可以缺席判决;2.被告经传票传唤,无正当理由拒不到庭的,或未经法庭许可中途退庭的;3.法院裁定不准撤诉的,原告经传票传唤,无正当理由拒不到庭的;4.无民事行为能力的被告人的法定代理人,经传票传唤无正当理由拒不到庭的;5.在借贷案件中,债权人起诉时,债务人下落不明的,人民法院受理案件后公告传唤债务人应诉。公告期限届满,债务人仍不应诉,借贷关系明确的,经审理后可缺席判决。在审理中债务人出走,下落不明,借贷关系明确的,可以缺席判决。
双语例句:
(1)For instance, DoJ successfully entered a default judgement against the convicted person
in the Shing Mun Road case requiring him to pay the cost incurred by DEP for removal of waste and reinstatement of the roadside railings.
举例而言,律政司在城门道一案成功申令作出被定罪的人须缴付费用的缺席判决,要求被定罪的人缴付署长因移去废物和修复路边栏杆而招致的费用。
(2)Default can be compared to a forfeit victory in sports. In a civil trial involving damages, a default judgment will enter the amount of damages pleaded in the original complaint. If proof of damages is required, the court may schedule another hearing on that issue. A party can have a default judgment vacated, or set aside, by filing a motion, after the judgment is entered, by showing of a proper excuse.
缺席可以比作在体育比赛中因弃权而获得的胜利。在涉及损害赔偿的民事审判中,缺席判决将记入原诉状中提出的损害赔偿金额。如果要求提供损害赔偿的证据,法院可以就该问题安排另一场听证会。在判决生效后,当事人可以提出动议,并提供适当的理由,使缺席判决被撤销或撤销。