among other things/inter alia,其确切的含义是什么,用中文如何精确表述?

among other things/inter alia,其确切的含义是什么,用中文如何精确表述?

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“在...其中,尤其是...”含义,但是前半段往往不需要提及,具体表述还得看文义,。比如:Diligence, among other things, is the key to be a skillful lawyer.意思即为:要成为一个高水平律师,勤奋至关重要。

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我们可以先看词典给出的释义:

朗文当代 used to say that you are only mentioning one or two people or things out of a much larger group


柯林斯 You use expressions like among other things or among others to indicate that there are several more facts, things, or people like the one or ones mentioned, but that you do not intend to mention them all.


韦伯斯特 in addition to things that are not specifically mentioned.


请查看以下例句:

例1 On June 8th Democrats in the House of Representatives put forward a bill that would, among other things, make it easier to prosecute police and limit the transfer of armour and weapons from the Pentagon to police departments.


例2 This enthusiasm for breaking rules is the result of intellectual conviction. Mr Cummings’s blog is, among other things, an essay on why the rules that bind lesser mortals should not apply to him.


例3 The criteria include, among other things, a decline in new cases of coronavirus and other flu-like illnesses over two weeks.


例4 If Mr Simovski is right and there are 27.5% fewer people in North Macedonia than officially estimated, then GDP per head, among other things, will be much higher.


例5 The costs fall most heavily on the youngest, who among other things miss out on picking up social and emotional skills; on those due to take exams; and on the less well-off, who are less likely to attend online lessons and who may be missing meals as well as classes.


例6 When the Trump administration took office in January 2017 it inherited, among other things, plans to make cheaper ventilators and 20m reusable face masks, should the country need them.


从这几个例句中,我们可以得出 2 个结论 ——


1. among other things 一般用作插入语。

2. among other things 要么就是介于主语与谓语动词/系动词之间,要么就是谓语动词/系动词与宾语/表语之间。


形式上的用法确定好了之后,我们来看语义上怎么用。


例 1 中,这个 bill 会做很多事,其中,作者在这里只想说它会 make it easier to prosecute police 以及 limit the transfer of armour and weapons from the Pentagon to police departments;


例 2 中,Mr Cummings’s blog is 后面可以接各种东西,除了 an essay 之外,也能是其他表语。但作者在这里只想强调 an essay ... 这一点;


例 3 中,The criteria 包含(include)很多东西,其中作者只想强调 a decline ... 这一个标准;


例 4 中,GDP per head 会有很多变化,作者在这里只想强调 will be much higher;


例 5 中,the youngest 会做很多事,但作者只强调 miss out on... 一件事;


例 6 中,Trump administration 接手了很多东西,作者在这里只强调接手了 plans ...。

因此,我们可以得出第 3 个结论——


其实除了你想说的东西之外,还有很多其他,但我此时只想强调其中的一个或若干个。


如果你本来想说 某人/某事物做了 X 事,但想了想,这人/事物也不只做了 X 这个事,但你又确实只想强调 X,就可以插入 among other things。

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