“Inchmaree Clause”源于1887年Thames and Mersey Marine Insurance Co Ltd v Hamilton, Fraser & Co一案，原告就一艘名为“Inchmaree”的船只损失要求保险公司索赔，但是保险公司拒绝赔偿，因为其认为该损害是由于船员的疏忽所造成的机器损害（machinery damage），并非海上风险（perils of the sea）。在当时的情境下，大多数保单仅涵盖海上风险，比如恶劣天气，而因船员的疏忽所造成的损害并不包含在内；此后，保险公司扩大了保单中的风险覆盖范围，除海上风险外，还包括因下列因素引起的损害或灭失：传动轴断裂、锅炉爆炸、船体潜在缺陷等其他与船舶和船舶设备有关的问题，船长、工程师和船员的疏忽，装卸和搬运货物过程中的事故，承租人或维修师的疏忽，进出干船坞，船上或其他地方爆炸等；但是，需要注意的是，若损害或灭失是由于缺乏应有的谨慎造成的，则不包含在内。后来，保险公司将该等保险条款命名为“Inchmaree Clause”，即以该艘船只命名，也可以称为“negligence clause”或“additional perils clause”。

比如，兆丰产物保险股份有限公司（Chung Kuo Insurance Company, Limited）海上保险中的“Inchmaree Clause”如下所示：

“This insurance is also specially to cover any loss of or damage to the interest insured hereunder, through the bursting of boilers, breakage of shafts or through any latent defect in the machinery, hull or appurtenances, or from faults or errors in the navigation and/or management of the vessel by the master, mariners mates, engineers or pilots.”

（此外，本保险还涵盖因下列原因对本保险项下的保险利益造成的任何任何灭失或损坏：锅炉爆炸，传动轴断裂，机器、船体或附属物潜在缺陷，船长、船员、工程师或领航员在船舶航行和/管理船舶过程中的过错或错误。）

例句

原文：

A policy of marine insurance invoked by the appellant, the owner of a motor vessel employed in the coastal trade, contained the normal insuring agreement protecting against the perils of the sea and other risks, including the Inchmaree clause. The latter provided that loss or damage caused by the negligence of the master was covered provided such loss or damage did not result from want of due diligence by the owner. Both Courts below found that the proximate cause of the casualty was the unseaworthiness of the vessel caused by wrong loading for which the master was to blame. No general allegation of peril of the sea was put before the Court and the allegation of shifting of the load was not proven.

译文：

上诉人（即用于沿海贸易的内燃机船所有人）提及的海上保险单涵盖针对海上风险及其他风险的标准保险协议，包括殷琪玛瑞条款。殷琪玛瑞条款规定，因船长的疏忽造成的灭失或损坏在保险范围内，前提是该等灭失或损坏并非由于船长缺乏应有的谨慎造成的。下述两个法庭均认定，造成事故的近因为船长错误装载而导致船舶不适航。未向法庭提出有关海上风险的一般指控，且有关装载货物移动的指控尚未得到证实。

来源：

https://www.cki.com.tw/Content/files/%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%AA%E5%95%86%E5%93%81/%E8%B2%A8%E9%81%8B%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%AA/%E8%B2%A8%E7%89%A9%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%AA/0158-Inchmaree%20Clause.pdf；

https://decisions.scc-csc.ca/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/5441/index.do