先来看一下“Industrial life insurance”的英文解释:
解释一:
“Industrial life insurance is actually sold by home service insurers. The face value of these policies is usually smaller than most and provide modest benefits and a relatively short benefit period. Premiums are collected in person by the agent at the policyowner’s home on a weekly or monthly basis.
A main reason for purchasing this type of policy is to cover funeral expenses. However, popularity of industrial insurance policies has declined over the years largely due to such factors as increased:
(1) average incomes;
(2) awareness of the need for insurance; and
(3) popularity, affordability, and availability of group life insurance coverage.”
解释二:
“Industrial life insurance refers to an insurance which provides insurance coverage to industrial workers or people who are unable to afford insurance for bigger amounts. Here a fixed amount is given in case of accident or death. They are also known as burial policies, small death benefits, and street insurance.”
然后,查阅词典发现,有关“industrial life insurance”的中文含义主要有工业人寿保险、简易人寿保险、产业工人人寿保险。
就简易人寿保险而言,查阅百度百科可找到其相关词条,该词条对“简易人寿保险”的定义为,是指用简易的方法所经营的人寿保险。它是一种小额的、免验体格的、适应一般低工资收入职工需要的保险。简易人寿保险的缴费期较短,保险金额有一定的限制,且不用经过体格检查。此外,简易人寿保险又称为上门服务的寿险单,通常由保险人按时收取保费。简易人寿保险与普通人寿保险的不同之处包括:前者对每一保单或每一被保险人的保险金额有最高额限制;前者的保险费一般是采取按月或按周缴纳。而且,还提及了简易人寿保险的发展历程,其中指出“……但时至今天,简易人寿保险的风光已不在,仅占有效人寿保险金额的1%,这主要归因于团体人寿保险的迅速发展,以及大多数美国工人购买大额人寿保险的经济能力增强”。对比上述英文解释一可以看出,二者的描述基本符合,所以,“industrial life insurance”可以译为“简易人寿保险”。(虽然百度百科给出的外文名为“simple life insurance”,但是搜索“simple life insurance”后发现相关英文内容比较少,反而“industrial life insurance”比较常出现。)
再来看一下英文解释二,其中提到“industrial life insurance”是“一种向产业工人或无力购买大额保险提供的保险”。查阅相关资料发现,这种保险针对的就是产业工人;而且,“industrial”作名词时可以表示“产业工人”,所以“industrial life insurance”可以译为“产业工人人寿保险”。
此外,《元照英美法词典》对“industrial insurance”的翻译为“劳工保险”,一种人寿保险,其主要目的是向被保险人提供最后的治疗和丧葬费用。其特征为保险合同所约定的金额相对较小,保险费要按月支付,并且由保险公司所雇的收费人逐户收取。
(需要注意的是,有些地方所指“劳工保险”并非此处所说的“industrial insurance”,而是“workers’ compensation insurance”,是由雇主购买的、对其雇员在雇佣期间可能因意外事故遭受伤害的风险予以承保的保险。)
查阅相关资料后发现,很少将“industrial life insurance”译为“工业人寿保险”,也就是说这里的“industrial”不适合视为形容词表示“工业的”,而是作为名词表示“产业工人”或者“劳工”。
来源:
百度百科;
《元照英美法词典》;
https://course.uceusa.com/courses/content/405/page_105.htm;
https://definitions.uslegal.com/i/industrial-life-insurance/;