普通法下法庭通常采取哪些方式评定诉讼费用?

普通法下法庭通常采取哪些方式评定诉讼费用?

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在案件审讯结束时,法庭通常会向胜诉方判给讼费。如诉讼双方未能就讼费的数额达成共识,则需要由比如讼费评定官(香港)或Registrar(新加坡)评定讼费。在普通法下,主要有两种评定诉讼费用的方式,即standard basis和indemnity basis。


Standard basis即“标准基础”,表示收取诉讼费的一方必须证明诉讼费用清单(Bill of costs)列出的各项费用为合理发生或合理金额,该等诉讼费才可获得准许。若针对某项费用是否为合理发生或合理金额存在疑问,书记官(Registrar)将以有利于支付诉讼费的一方的准则解决。在香港,该等方式被称为“party and party basis”。


例如,若收取诉讼费的一方(即胜诉方)要求支付诉讼费的一方(即败诉方)支付的合理诉讼费用为5000元,但是后者表示不同意且称合理诉讼费用应仅为3000元,在此种情况下,若针对哪项金额为适当金额存在疑问,且两种说法均合理,书记官将以有利于支付诉讼费的一方的准则予以评定,即合理诉讼费用为3000元。


Indemnity basis即“赔偿基础”,表示所有诉讼费均可获得准许,但诉讼费用为不合理金额或不合理发生的除外。若针对某项费用是否为合理发生或合理金额存在疑问,书记官将以有利于收取诉讼费的一方的准则解决。


例如,若收取诉讼费的一方(即胜诉方)要求支付诉讼费的一方(即败诉方)支付的合理诉讼费用为5000元,但是后者表示不同意且称合理诉讼费用应仅为3000元,鉴于其中2000元为不合理发生的费用,后者应仅支付3000元;或者,若针对哪项金额为适当金额存在疑问,且两种说法均合理,书记官将以有利于收取诉讼费的一方的准则予以评定,即合理诉讼费用为5000元。


例句:

Subject to the following provisions of this rule, costs to which this rule applies shall be taxed on the party and party basis, and on a taxation on that basis there shall be allowed all such costs as were necessary or proper for the attainment of justice or for enforcing or defending the rights of the party whose costs are being taxed.

除本条规则的条文另有规定外,本条规则适用的讼费,须按诉讼各方对评基准评定,而在按该基准评定讼费时,须准予所有为秉行公正或为强制执行或维护其讼费正被评定的一方的权利而属必要或恰当的讼费。(来源:《高等法院规则》第62号命令第28条第(2)款)


If the Tribunal is of the opinion that the allegation or allegations made against the officer were without foundation or that the officer’s defence was without merit, it may make such order as to costs as it considers fair and reasonable in the circumstances, including, if appropriate, an order for such costs to be taxed in the Court of First Instance on the party and party basis.

如审裁处认为对有关人员的一项或多于一项的指称是没有根据的,或该有关人员的抗辩是缺乏充分理据的,则审裁处可就讼费作出其认为在有关情况下属公正与合理的命令,包括(如恰当的话)按对讼当事人基准在原讼法庭评定该等讼费的命令。


On a taxation on the indemnity basis all costs shall be allowed except insofar as they are of an unreasonable amount or have been unreasonably incurred and any doubts which the taxing master may have as to whether the costs were reasonably incurred or were reasonable in amount shall be resolved in favour of the receiving party; and in these rules the term the indemnity basis (弥偿基准) in relation to the taxation of costs shall be construed accordingly.

在按弥偿基准评定讼费时,所有讼费均须准予,但如该等讼费的款额不合理或该等讼费是不合理地招致,则属例外,而讼费评定官在讼费是否合理地招致或讼费款额是否合理方面的任何疑问,须按有利于收取讼费的一方的准则解决;在本规则中就讼费评定而言,弥偿基准(the indemnity basis)一词,须据此解释。(来源:《高等法院规则》第62号命令第28条第(4A)款)


参考:

www.judiciary.hk;

www.judiciary.gov.sg

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